Editorial standards

Reading the study before the headline

We check what a study measured, how many animals took part and what the authors themselves concluded. We link to the paper or the publisher’s summary where we can. When a press release claims more than the paper supports, we follow the paper and say so.

Keeping observation and interpretation apart

A dog pausing at the door is an observation. Saying the dog remembered something is an interpretation, and we mark it that way. When we compare enrichment toys or feeders, the piece says the comparison rests on the makers’ published specs. Nora only lets a writer describe first-hand use when the writer is telling you about their own dog with that item.

Welfare questions about one animal

Studies of stress, fear or pain describe groups of animals. Nothing here replaces advice from a veterinarian or a qualified behavior professional who can see your animal in person.

When a note needs fixing

Nora reviews our published notes and corrects mistakes as they come to light. The updated piece records what changed and when, by date.